BETES & ITS TYPES, SYMPTOMS & DIET PLAN.

• Diabetes is a lifestyle Disease, It can be a chronic condition if persistent for a long time.
• When high levels of sugar (glucose) are in the blood then it is a Diabetic Condition.
• It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin produced in the body.
• Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas in our body.
• Insulin regulates blood sugar levels.
• Millions of people worldwide are affected by Diabetes today.
• Without proper treatment, It can lead to serious long-term complications:-
• such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and blindness.
• But fortunately, through changes in lifestyle and medical treatments-
• we can manage it and it’s condition and can live a healthy life.
• There are two main types of diabetes and pregnancy-related Diabetes (Gestational Diabetes)

• Type 1 diabetes

• Type 2 diabetes.

• Gestational diabetes

#Type-1 diabetes:  is a chronic autoimmune disease. Here insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body’s immune system, which attacks and destroys it.

This type usually develops during childhood or adolescence but it may also occur in adults.

It is important to understand that type 1 diabetes requires lifelong treatment and management to maintain healthy blood sugar levels and prevent serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and nerve damage.

With proper care, those with type 1 diabetes can lead a full life.

#Type-2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in adults in India and other countries. Here respective responsive cells become resistant to the effects of insulin.

Insulin produced by the pancreas generally regulates blood sugar levels. But due to resistance to insulin’s effects, blood sugar levels increase, and an increased risk of developing serious health complications, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

But thanks to God That with proper diet and lifestyle changes, we can manage Type 2 diabetes effectively.

#Gestational diabetes: Gestational diabetes occurs at some stage of pregnancy period and typically goes away after childbirth.

However, it is not high enough to be considered type 2 diabetes. each of these conditions can increase the risk of headaches during pregnancy, in addition to the growth of the chance of developing in the future.

It is critical to recognize the symptoms and hazard elements related to gestational diabetes and prediabetes so they can be managed appropriately.

Diabetes Signs & Symptoms

The symptoms  can vary depending on the types & the severity of the condition.

Below are the common sign & symptoms :-

Frequent urination: Increased urination is a common symptom of this disease, as excess sugar in the blood spills into the urine, causing the kidneys to work harder to filter and remove it.

Excessive thirst: As a result of frequent urination, people with diabetes may feel dehydrated and experience excessive thirst.

Fatigue: High blood sugar levels can cause fatigue as the body’s cells may not be receiving enough glucose to function properly.

Blurry vision: High blood sugar levels can cause eye lenses to swell, resulting in blurry vision.

Slow-healing wounds: Diabetes can cause poor circulation, which can result in slow-healing wounds.

Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet: High blood sugar levels can damage the nerves in the body, leading to numbness or tingling in the hands or feet.

Weight loss: Type 1 diabetes can cause rapid weight loss due to a lack of insulin, while type 2 diabetes can cause gradual weight loss due to insulin resistance.

It’s important to note that some people with type 2 diabetes may not experience any symptoms at all, especially in the early stages of the disease. This is why regular blood sugar screenings are important, especially for people with risk factors such as obesity, a family history of diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle.

Diabetes Insipidus(DI)

DI  is not related to diabetes mellitus, It is a rare condition in which the kidneys are unable to conserve water properly, Which leads to excessive urination and thirst. this condition is linked to high blood sugar levels.

There are mainly two types of DI: central Diabetes insipidus (DI) and nephrogenic Diabetes insipidus (DI).

Central -DI is caused by a deficiency of the hormone vasopressin, which is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland.

Nephrogenic Diabetes insipidus (DI) is caused by a defect in the kidneys that prevents them from responding properly to vasopressin.

Symptoms of DI include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and dilute urine. If left untreated, DI can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can be life-threatening.

Treatment for DI depends on the underlying cause. In central DI, treatment typically involves taking a synthetic form of vasopressin, either as a nasal spray or an injection. In nephrogenic DI, treatment may involve correcting any underlying electrolyte imbalances or addressing any medications that may be causing the condition. Medications generally prescribed to help improve the kidneys’ response to vasopressin.

Living with DI can be challenging, as it requires close fluid intake and urine output monitoring. However, with proper treatment and management, many people with DI can lead normal, healthy lives.

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus, commonly form diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects how the body uses glucose (sugar) for energy.

There are two main types of diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes.

#Type-1 diabetes:  is a chronic autoimmune disease. 
Here insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body’s immune system, which attacks
and destroys it.

This type of diabetes usually develops during childhood or adolescence but it may also occur in adults.

It is important to understand that type 1 diabetes requires lifelong treatment and management to maintain healthy blood sugar levels and prevent serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and nerve damage.

But with proper care, one can lead a full life.

#Type-2 diabetes is the most common in adults in India and other countries. 
Here respective responsive cells become resistant to the effects of insulin.

Insulin produced by the pancreas generally regulates blood sugar levels. But due to resistance to insulin’s effects, blood sugar levels increase, and an increased risk of developing serious health complications, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

But proper diet and lifestyle changes can manage it.

Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, slow healing of wounds, and numbness or tingling in the feet or hands.

If not treated, it can lead to serious complications such as nerve damage, kidney damage, eye damage, and cardiovascular disease.

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition.

In addition to insulin therapy and medications, lifestyle changes such as healthy eating, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight are essential

Prevention by lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and a healthy diet.

Education and regular medical check-ups are important for managing this disease and preventing complications.

Diabetic diet

A diabetic diet is a healthy eating plan to help people manage their blood sugar levels and prevent complications. A diabetic diet focuses on eating nutrient-rich foods in appropriate portions, spreading carbohydrate intake evenly throughout the day, and limiting the intake of unhealthy fats and added sugars.

A typical diet plan for a diabetic includes:

Vegetables: Non-starchy vegetables such as leafy greens, broccoli, carrots, and peppers are low in calories and high in nutrients, fiber, and antioxidants.

Fruits: Whole fruits such as berries, apples, and oranges are good sources of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. However, people need to be mindful of their portion sizes and avoid fruit juices, which can be high in sugar.

Whole grains: Whole grains such as brown rice, quinoa, and whole wheat bread are rich in fiber and complex carbohydrates, which help regulate blood sugar levels.

Lean protein: Lean protein sources such as skinless poultry, fish, eggs, and beans are important for maintaining muscle mass and regulating blood sugar levels.

Healthy fats: Sources of healthy fats such as olive oil, avocado, nuts, and seeds can help improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of heart disease.

Along with healthy diet plan, people  need to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly,and take medications or insulin as their healthcare provider prescribes.

It is also important to do regular physical activity and maintain a healthy weight to manage diabetes effectively. A registered dietitian or certified-diabetes- educator can help develop a personalized meal plan to meet individual needs and preferences.

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